Donanım

WEBVTT 00:00:00.683 --> 00:00:04.590 Dies sind einige der Informations- und Kommunikationstechnologiedienste. 00:00:05.091 --> 00:00:07.856 Aber was brauchen wir, um sie umzusetzen? 00:00:08.317 --> 00:00:10.141 Natürlich brauchen wir Hardware. 00:00:11.863 --> 00:00:13.443 Was meinen wir mit Hardware? 00:00:13.604 --> 00:00:14.964 Im Englischen bedeutet das Hardware. 00:00:15.784 --> 00:00:21.506 Hardware bedeutet also ein festes, greifbares Objekt. 00:00:21.546 --> 00:00:28.148 Hardware bezieht sich auf die im Computer oder Gerät verwendeten Werkzeuge und andere Teile, die deren Leistung beeinflussen. 00:00:29.088 --> 00:00:31.909 Das Wort Hardware kann als Hardware übersetzt werden. 00:00:32.009 --> 00:00:34.950 Hard, hart, solide oder wear, Ware, Gut. 00:00:37.045 --> 00:00:39.728 Wie wir sehen können, greifbare harte Gegenstände. 00:00:39.768 --> 00:00:43.072 Die Teile unseres Computers sind Hardware. 00:00:44.633 --> 00:00:49.699 Aber wie unterscheiden sich diese Hardware je nach Art des Geräts? 00:00:51.463 --> 00:01:01.229 Als ich als Kind anfing, Computer zu benutzen, begannen persönliche Computer in den 80er und 90er Jahren populär zu werden. 00:01:01.249 --> 00:01:05.731 Damals benutzten wir Tower-Gehäuse, also Turmgehäuse-Computer. 00:01:06.252 --> 00:01:09.734 Der Grund dafür war, dass die Abmessungen der Hardware sehr groß waren. 00:01:11.246 --> 00:01:15.667 Heutzutage verwenden wir zum Beispiel kein CD-Laufwerk mehr, aber damals hatten wir CD-Laufwerke. 00:01:16.587 --> 00:01:24.828 Wir verwenden kein Diskettenlaufwerk, aber es gab ein Diskettenlaufwerk, das war riesig, darin waren andere Laufwerke, ihre Größen waren sehr unterschiedlich. 00:01:25.790 --> 00:01:38.205 Später entwickelten sich diese Tower-Gehäuse-Computer weiter und wurden zu Desktop-Computern, die mit der Größe von Desktop-Computern verglichen werden können. 00:01:38.245 --> 00:01:42.568 Sie wurden sozusagen imposant, es gibt jetzt Laptops, die wirklich groß sind. 00:01:43.248 --> 00:01:53.154 Die Verwendung von Desktop-Computern führte aufgrund einiger technologischer Entwicklungen dazu, dass Computer bequemer zu bedienen, leichter zu verstauen und effizienter zu arbeiten sind. 00:01:53.194 --> 00:01:55.235 Einige technologische Entwicklungen führten dazu. 00:01:56.417 --> 00:02:01.301 Deshalb stieg die Nutzung von Computern zu Hause und im Büro. 00:02:01.941 --> 00:02:06.725 Und dann kam natürlich das Internet in unser Leben. 00:02:06.785 --> 00:02:17.813 Wir wechselten von Dial-up zu Breitband, und mit dem Internetzeitalter begannen wir, unsere Aufgaben unterwegs, im Büro, überall auszuführen zu müssen. 00:02:17.853 --> 00:02:18.594 Denn das Konzept der definierten Arbeitszeit beschleunigte sich erheblich, und daher sind Laptops heute die am häufigsten verwendeten Geräte. 00:02:18.614 --> 00:02:29.123 Hybride Geräte, die sowohl eine Touchscreen- als auch eine Tastatur haben, sowie Tablets, die nur mit einem Touchscreen arbeiten, sind natürlich auch erhältlich, 00:02:40.153 --> 00:02:42.615 die unseren Mobiltelefonen ähneln. 00:02:42.715 --> 00:02:45.738 Natürlich werden wir all dies ausführlicher behandeln. 00:02:47.520 --> 00:02:49.041 Aber was ist mit den Mobiltelefonen passiert? 00:02:50.162 --> 00:02:54.606 Dank drahtloser A-Verbindungen begannen wir, Mobiltelefone zu benutzen. 00:02:54.666 --> 00:02:56.327 Es begann mit der GSM-Technologie. 00:02:56.808 --> 00:02:58.329 Nach GSM kam Edge. 00:02:58.449 --> 00:03:03.373 Nach Edge kam 3G, also die dritte Generation, die vierte Generation. 00:03:03.393 --> 00:03:05.655 Heute verwenden wir die fünfte Generation. 00:03:05.715 --> 00:03:13.221 Zwischen vier und fünf gibt es die sogenannte 4,5G-Technologie, die in einigen Ländern wie der Türkei angewendet wird. 00:03:14.892 --> 00:03:23.335 Mobiltelefone begannen damit, einige Dinge zu tun, die zuvor nur Laptops konnten, wie zum Beispiel Videotelefonie. 00:03:23.375 --> 00:03:26.456 Im Gegensatz zu Computern konnten sie nun Fotos machen und Geschichten über Bilder und Videos erzählen... 00:03:26.496 --> 00:03:33.338 Die Messaging-Systeme wurden schneller und fortschrittlicher. 00:03:34.318 --> 00:03:35.258 Instant Messaging ermöglichte den Übergang zu Messaging-Apps wie WhatsApp, Signal, Telegram. 00:03:48.404 --> 00:04:00.510 Zusätzlich haben wir durch soziale Netzwerke in Multi-Media-Umgebungen die Möglichkeit, eine digitale Verbindung zu unseren Lieben und Nahestehenden herzustellen. 00:04:01.430 --> 00:04:09.916 Aufgrund der Bildschirmgrößen von Mobiltelefonen gab es natürlich einige Schwierigkeiten für die Benutzer bei der Bedienung. 00:04:09.976 --> 00:04:14.640 Zum Beispiel hatten wir Schwierigkeiten beim Bearbeiten einer Tabelle oder beim Textbearbeiten in Word. 00:04:15.200 --> 00:04:24.527 Im Gegenzug ermöglichen uns Tablets und Hybridgeräte heute, die Aufgaben, die wir auf Laptops erledigen können, auch auf einem Touchscreen auszuführen.

WEBVTT 00:00:00.683 --> 00:00:04.590 These are some of the information technology services. 00:00:05.091 --> 00:00:07.856 So what do we need to be able to achieve these? 00:00:08.317 --> 00:00:10.141 Of course, we need hardware. 00:00:11.863 --> 00:00:13.443 What do we mean by hardware? 00:00:13.604 --> 00:00:14.964 In English, this is called hardware. 00:00:15.784 --> 00:00:21.506 Hardware refers to tangible, physical objects. 00:00:21.546 --> 00:00:28.148 The tools used inside a computer or device and other parts that affect their performance are called hardware. 00:00:29.088 --> 00:00:31.909 The English word for hardware can be translated as follows. 00:00:32.009 --> 00:00:34.950 Hard, solid, or wear, goods, merchandise. 00:00:37.045 --> 00:00:39.728 As we can understand from here, tangible solid objects. 00:00:39.768 --> 00:00:43.072 The parts of our computer are hardware. 00:00:44.633 --> 00:00:49.699 So how do these hardware components differ according to the type of devices? 00:00:51.463 --> 00:01:01.229 When I started using computers for the first time as a child, the widespread use of personal computers began around the 80s and 90s. 00:01:01.249 --> 00:01:05.731 Back then, we were using tower cases, also known as desktop cases. 00:01:06.252 --> 00:01:09.734 The reason for this was that the dimensions of the hardware components were very large. 00:01:11.246 --> 00:01:15.667 For example, nowadays we don't use CD drives, but we used to have CD drives. 00:01:16.587 --> 00:01:24.828 We don't use floppy drives, but there was a floppy drive, its fan was very big, and inside it, there were other drives, for example, their sizes were very different. 00:01:25.790 --> 00:01:38.205 Later on, these Tower case computers evolved into desktop computers, and they could be compared in size to desktop computers. 00:01:38.245 --> 00:01:42.568 They became so imposing, let's say, that there are now laptops that are seriously big. 00:01:43.248 --> 00:01:53.154 The use of desktop computers led to more comfortable use of computers, fitting into easier spaces, and also more efficient operation, 00:01:53.194 --> 00:01:55.235 due to some technological developments that emerged. 00:01:56.417 --> 00:02:01.301 And as a result, the use of computers at home and in the office increased. 00:02:01.941 --> 00:02:06.725 And then, of course, the internet entered our lives in a real sense. 00:02:06.785 --> 00:02:17.813 We transitioned from dial-up to broadband, and in this sense, with the internet age, the need to be able to perform our tasks on the go, in the office, everywhere, 00:02:17.853 --> 00:02:18.594 began to emerge. 00:02:18.614 --> 00:02:29.123 Because the concept of defined time related to work accelerated significantly, and as a result, laptops are the devices we use the most today. 00:02:30.084 --> 00:02:39.933 Along with that, of course, there are hybrid laptops, which have both touchscreens and keyboards, and there are also tablets that only work with touchscreens, 00:02:40.153 --> 00:02:42.615 resembling our mobile phones. 00:02:42.715 --> 00:02:45.738 We will of course discuss all of these in a more comprehensive way. 00:02:47.520 --> 00:02:49.041 So what happened to mobile phones? 00:02:50.162 --> 00:02:54.606 Now, thanks to wireless A connectivity, we started using mobile phones. 00:02:54.666 --> 00:02:56.327 It started with GSM technology. 00:02:56.808 --> 00:02:58.329 After GSM, came Edge. 00:02:58.449 --> 00:03:03.373 After Edge, 3G, which is the third generation, fourth generation. 00:03:03.393 --> 00:03:05.655 Today, we are using the fifth generation. 00:03:05.715 --> 00:03:13.221 Between four and five, there is the accelerated 4G technology, known as 4.5G, implemented in some countries like Turkey. 00:03:14.892 --> 00:03:23.335 With mobile phones, they started to do some things that only laptops could do, while they were only making calls and keeping contacts. 00:03:23.375 --> 00:03:26.456 For example, they started to be able to make video calls. 00:03:26.496 --> 00:03:33.338 Unlike computers, they gained the ability to take photos and tell stories and narratives through visuals... 00:03:34.318 --> 00:03:35.258 became possible. 00:03:35.819 --> 00:03:38.780 Messaging systems became much faster and advanced. 00:03:38.960 --> 00:03:47.944 From instant messaging, we transitioned to messaging applications like WhatsApp, Signal, Telegram for online communication. 00:03:48.404 --> 00:04:00.510 In addition, thanks to social networks, we have the chance to establish a digital connection with our loved ones and relatives in multimedia environments. 00:04:01.430 --> 00:04:09.916 However, due to the screen sizes of mobile phones, there were of course some difficulties for users while performing tasks. 00:04:09.976 --> 00:04:14.640 For example, we were having difficulties editing a table or editing text in Word. 00:04:15.200 --> 00:04:24.527 In return, tablets and hybrid devices allow us to perform tasks on a touch screen today that we could do on laptops.

WEBVTT 00:00:00.683 --> 00:00:04.590 Bunlar bilgileşim teknolojileri hizmetlerinin bazıları. 00:00:05.091 --> 00:00:07.856 Peki bunları gerçekleştirebilmemiz için neye ihtiyacımız var? 00:00:08.317 --> 00:00:10.141 Tabii ki bir donanıma ihtiyacımız var. 00:00:11.863 --> 00:00:13.443 Donanımdan kastettiğimiz şey ne? 00:00:13.604 --> 00:00:14.964 İngilizcesi bunun hardware. 00:00:15.784 --> 00:00:21.506 Hardware yani sert taşınılabilir nesne meta değer anlamına geliyor. 00:00:21.546 --> 00:00:28.148 Bilgisayarın yani cihazın içerisinde kullanılan araçlar ve bunların performansını etkileyen diğer parçalara donanım denir. 00:00:29.088 --> 00:00:31.909 Donanım kelimesini İngilizcesi hardware olup şöyle çevirebilir. 00:00:32.009 --> 00:00:34.950 Hard, sert, katı veya wear, eşya, mal. 00:00:37.045 --> 00:00:39.728 Buradan da anlayacağımız gibi sert dokunulabilir eşya. 00:00:39.768 --> 00:00:43.072 Bilgisayarımızın parçaları donanımlar. 00:00:44.633 --> 00:00:49.699 Peki bu donanımlar cihazların türüne göre nasıl farklılık gösteriyor? 00:00:51.463 --> 00:01:01.229 Ben çocukken ilk bilgisayar kullanmaya başladığımda ki kişisel bilgisayarların yaygınlaşması 80'ler, 90'lar civarında olmaya başlamıştı. 00:01:01.249 --> 00:01:05.731 Biz o zamanlar tower kasa yani kule kasa bilgisayar kullanıyorduk. 00:01:06.252 --> 00:01:09.734 Bunun sebebi de donanımların boyutlarının çok büyük olmasıydı. 00:01:11.246 --> 00:01:15.667 İşte günümüzde mesela CD sürücüsü kullanmıyoruz ama CD sürücüsü vardı. 00:01:16.587 --> 00:01:24.828 Disket sürücüsü kullanmıyoruz ama disket sürücüsü vardı işte fanı çok büyüktü içerisinde başka sürücülerin mesela boyutları çok farklıydı. 00:01:25.790 --> 00:01:38.205 Daha sonra ne oldu bu Tower kule kasa bilgisayarlar bir evrim geçirerek masaüstü bilgisayar haline geller ve masaüstü bilgisayarların büyüklüğüyle karşılaştırılabilecek 00:01:38.245 --> 00:01:42.568 derecede artık heybetli diyelim, dizüstü bilgisayarlar var ciddi anlamda büyük. 00:01:43.248 --> 00:01:53.154 Masaüstü bilgisayarların kullanımı hem bilgisayarların daha rahat kullanılmasına hem daha kolay alanlara sığmasına hem de aynı zamanda daha verimli çalışmasına 00:01:53.194 --> 00:01:55.235 götüren bazı teknolojik gelişmeler sonucunda doğdu. 00:01:56.417 --> 00:02:01.301 Ve dolayısıyla da evdeki bilgisayar, ofisteki bilgisayar kullanımı arttı. 00:02:01.941 --> 00:02:06.725 Ve sonrasında tabii ki hayatımıza gerçek anlamıyla internet girdi. 00:02:06.785 --> 00:02:17.813 Dial-up'tan geniş banda yani broadband'e geçtik ve bu anlamda internet çağıyla beraber yaptığımız işleri yolda, ofiste, her yerde uygulayabilme ihtiyaçları 00:02:17.853 --> 00:02:18.594 ortaya çıkmaya başladı. 00:02:18.614 --> 00:02:29.123 Çünkü işle ilgili tanımlı zaman kavramı çok daha hızlandı ve sonuç olarak dizüstü bilgisayarlar, laptoplar bugün en fazla kullandığımız cihazlar. 00:02:30.084 --> 00:02:39.933 Bununla beraber tabii hybrid yani hem dokunmatik hem klavyesi olan laptoplar var hem de sadece dokunmatik ekranla çalışan tabletler var, 00:02:40.153 --> 00:02:42.615 cep telefonlarımıza benzeyen. 00:02:42.715 --> 00:02:45.738 Bunların hepsini tabii ki daha kapsamlı bir şekilde ele alacağız. 00:02:47.520 --> 00:02:49.041 Peki cep telefonlarına ne oldu? 00:02:50.162 --> 00:02:54.606 Şimdi kablosuz A pahalantısı sayesinde biz cep telefonları kullanmaya başladık. 00:02:54.666 --> 00:02:56.327 GSM teknolojisiyle başladı. 00:02:56.808 --> 00:02:58.329 GSM'den sonra Edge geldi. 00:02:58.449 --> 00:03:03.373 Edge'den sonra 3G yani üçüncü jenerasyon, dördüncü jenerasyon. 00:03:03.393 --> 00:03:05.655 Biz bugün beşinci jenerasyonu kullanıyoruz. 00:03:05.715 --> 00:03:13.221 Dört ve beş arasında dört buçuk ünlü jenerasyon denilen Türkiye gibi bazı ülkelerde uygulanan hızlandırılmış 4G teknolojisi mevcut. 00:03:14.892 --> 00:03:23.335 Cep telefonuyla sadece aramalar yaparken ve rehber kayıtları tutarken daha sonra cep telefonları dizüstü bilgisayarlarının yapabildiği bazı şeyleri yapabilmeye başladılar. 00:03:23.375 --> 00:03:26.456 Misal, işte kamerayla görüşme yapabilmeye başladılar. 00:03:26.496 --> 00:03:33.338 Bilgisayarlardan farklı olarak fotoğraf çekme özelliği ve görseller üzerinden hikaye ve narrative anlatımı... 00:03:34.318 --> 00:03:35.258 mümkün hale geldi. 00:03:35.819 --> 00:03:38.780 Mesajlaşma sistemleri çok daha hızlandı ve gelişti. 00:03:38.960 --> 00:03:47.944 Instant messaging'ten yani hızlı mesajlaşmadan biz çevrim için mesajlaşma uygulamalarına WhatsApp, Signal, Telegram gibi uygulamalara geçtik. 00:03:48.404 --> 00:04:00.510 Bunun yanı sıra çoklu medya yani multimedya ortamlarında da sosyal ağlar sayesinde sevdiklerimiz ve yakınlarımızla dijital bir bağlantı kurma şansına ulaştık. 00:04:01.430 --> 00:04:09.916 Fakat cep telefonların ekran boyutlarından dolayı tabii ki işlem yaparken kullanıcı açısından bazı zorluklar mevcuttu. 00:04:09.976 --> 00:04:14.640 Mesela bir tabloyu düzenlerken veya Word'de Metin düzenlerken zorluk çekiyorduk. 00:04:15.200 --> 00:04:24.527 Bunun karşılığında tabletler ve hybrid cihazlar bugün dizüstü bilgisayarlarda yapabildiğimiz işlemleri dokunmatik ekranda da gerçekleştirebilmemizi sağlıyor.