Şifreleme Nedir?

WEBVTT 00:00:00.663 --> 00:00:02.364 Was ist Verschlüsselung? 00:00:06.748 --> 00:00:20.159 Verschlüsselung ist, wie wir es bei VPN besprochen haben, der Prozess, bei dem sich der Code des Informationsflusses zwischen einem Client und einem Server ändert, während er von einem Ende zum anderen übertragen wird, 00:00:20.178 --> 00:00:23.142 und dann wieder entschlüsselt wird, können wir es uns so vorstellen. 00:00:24.724 --> 00:00:27.987 Zum Beispiel sende ich einen Befehl namens xyz. 00:00:28.027 --> 00:00:31.250 Dieser Befehl xyz wird in 1, 2, 3 umgewandelt. 00:00:31.451 --> 00:00:36.816 Wenn es am anderen Computer ankommt, wird es von 1, 2, 3 wieder in xyz umgewandelt. 00:00:37.976 --> 00:00:39.618 Der Zweck der Verschlüsselung ist folgender. 00:00:39.699 --> 00:00:44.463 Sie können beispielsweise auch die Dateien auf Ihrem Desktop verschlüsseln. 00:00:44.503 --> 00:00:46.284 Dies wird im Englischen als Verschlüsselung bezeichnet. 00:00:48.783 --> 00:00:58.496 Wenn wir Dateiübertragungen, die Beziehung zwischen Client und Server und die Daten in unserem eigenen Computer verschlüsseln, selbst wenn diese Datei in die Hände einer Person gerät, 00:00:58.536 --> 00:01:05.906 kann diese Person ohne die richtigen Sicherheitsbenutzername und Passwort nicht auf die Daten in dieser Datei zugreifen. 00:01:08.373 --> 00:01:11.916 Und in den meisten Fällen wird für die Verschlüsselung ein asymmetrisches Verfahren verwendet. 00:01:12.256 --> 00:01:18.260 Mit asymmetrischem Verfahren meinen wir einen Prozess, der mit zwei Schlüsseln erzeugt wird. 00:01:19.181 --> 00:01:19.861 Stellen Sie es sich so vor. 00:01:20.282 --> 00:01:22.643 Sie verschließen es mit einem Schlüssel. 00:01:22.923 --> 00:01:26.066 Eine andere Person in Ihrer Familie kann auch mit diesem Schlüssel öffnen. 00:01:26.146 --> 00:01:29.808 Niemand außer diesen beiden Schlüsseln kann diese Tür öffnen. 00:01:29.868 --> 00:01:31.890 Niemand kann Ihre Haustür öffnen. 00:01:32.566 --> 00:01:34.287 Der erste Schlüssel ist ein gemeinsamer Schlüssel. 00:01:34.407 --> 00:01:37.089 Denken Sie daran, dass Sie diesen Schlüssel beim Schlüsseldienst nachmachen lassen können. 00:01:37.129 --> 00:01:39.471 Dieser Schlüssel aktiviert das Schloss beim Empfänger. 00:01:39.971 --> 00:01:41.672 Der zweite Schlüssel ist ein privater Schlüssel. 00:01:41.812 --> 00:01:44.874 Dieser Schlüssel wird für die Entschlüsselung beim Empfänger verwendet. 00:01:45.834 --> 00:01:56.712 Auf der anderen Seite gibt es asymmetrische Verfahren, bei denen zwei Schlüssel verwendet werden, die das System schützen, sowie symmetrische Verfahren, bei denen sowohl die Verschlüsselung als auch die Entschlüsselung mit einem einzigen Schlüssel erfolgt. 00:01:56.752 --> 00:01:58.695 Asymmetrische Verfahren sind heutzutage weit verbreitet. 00:01:59.135 --> 00:02:02.459 Dank geeigneter Erweiterungen ist die Verschlüsselung unserer E-Mails heutzutage sehr einfach geworden. 00:02:11.514 --> 00:02:15.476 Unsere E-Mails sind ein Übertragungsmittel, das Sicherheitslücken aufweist. 00:02:15.876 --> 00:02:19.738 Die Verschlüsselung unserer E-Mails ist sehr einfach. 00:02:20.138 --> 00:02:27.362 Und Verschlüsselungssoftware vervollständigt den Vorgang automatisch, nachdem Schlüssel und Passwort von jedem Kommunikationspartner einmal geändert wurden. 00:02:28.181 --> 00:02:31.463 Auch in Outlook können Sie Verschlüsselung durchführen. 00:02:31.763 --> 00:02:37.944 Wir behandeln auch Informationen zu diesem Thema im Bereich der digitalen Sicherheit und in unseren Kommunikationseinheiten. 00:02:41.185 --> 00:02:42.865 Ja, wir haben über Verschlüsselung gesprochen. 00:02:43.585 --> 00:02:53.387 Microsoft Windows-Betriebssystemversionen bieten ihre eigene Verschlüsselungsmethode namens EFS an. 00:02:54.127 --> 00:02:56.208 EFS ist ein Dateiverschlüsselungssystem. 00:02:57.668 --> 00:03:03.508 Sie werden auch detaillierte Informationen zu diesem Dateiverschlüsselungssystem in unserer digitalen Sicherheitseinheit erhalten. 00:03:03.529 --> 00:03:11.671 Neben EFS gibt es zwei weitere Verschlüsselungssysteme namens BitLocker und BitLocker2Go. 00:03:13.171 --> 00:03:16.632 Was ist der Unterschied zwischen diesen Verschlüsselungssystemen? 00:03:17.472 --> 00:03:20.913 EFS kann verwendet werden, um einzelne Dokumente oder alle Ordner zu schützen. 00:03:21.673 --> 00:03:25.534 Mit BitLocker können wir das gesamte Laufwerk schützen. 00:03:27.181 --> 00:03:30.604 Dadurch startet das Betriebssystem nur mit angemessenen Berechtigungen. 00:03:31.404 --> 00:03:38.467 Oder wenn wir eine externe Festplatte verwenden, ermöglicht uns BitLocker die Anwendung auf USB-Flash-Laufwerke und externe Laufwerke. 00:03:40.828 --> 00:03:43.649 Beim Verwenden von BitLocker müssen wir auf den geheimen Schlüssel achten. 00:03:43.890 --> 00:03:48.231 Der Verlust des geheimen Schlüssels führt zum Verlust der verschlüsselten Daten. 00:03:48.412 --> 00:03:51.853 Diese Daten können dann nicht mehr entschlüsselt werden. 00:03:52.593 --> 00:03:55.495 Deshalb müssen wir diese Passwörter behalten und nicht verlieren. 00:03:56.135 --> 00:04:04.579 Wenn wir bereits Anwendungen im Zusammenhang mit BitLocker erstellen, zeigt uns Windows nach dem Speichern des Passworts, wie es erstellt wird und wo es gespeichert werden soll, wie es gesichert werden soll. 00:04:04.619 --> 00:04:07.080 Windows bietet uns verschiedene Schritte an, wie wir dieses Backup erstellen können. 00:04:07.160 --> 00:04:10.142 Wir müssen diese Schritte sorgfältig befolgen. 00:04:10.602 --> 00:04:16.645 Sie können auch in unserem digitalen Sicherheitsmodul ausreichend Informationen dazu erhalten.

WEBVTT 00:00:00.663 --> 00:00:02.364 What is encryption? 00:00:06.748 --> 00:00:20.159 Encryption is like we talked about in VPN, the information flow between a client and a server changing its code as it passes from one end to the other, 00:00:20.178 --> 00:00:23.142 and then opening that code again, we can think of it this way. 00:00:24.724 --> 00:00:27.987 For example, I send a command called xyz. 00:00:28.027 --> 00:00:31.250 This xyz command is translated into 1, 2, 3. 00:00:31.451 --> 00:00:36.816 When it arrives at the other computer, 1, 2, 3 is decrypted back to xyz from the other symmetric side. 00:00:37.976 --> 00:00:39.618 The feature of encryption is this. 00:00:39.699 --> 00:00:44.463 For example, you can encrypt the files on your desktop inside your computer. 00:00:44.503 --> 00:00:46.284 This is called encryption in English. 00:00:48.783 --> 00:00:58.496 When we encrypt the data in file transfer, between the client and the server, and the data within our own computer, even if someone gets hold of this file, 00:00:58.536 --> 00:01:05.906 without the correct security username and password, that person cannot access the data inside this file. 00:01:08.373 --> 00:01:11.916 And in most cases, an asymmetric procedure is used for encryption. 00:01:12.256 --> 00:01:18.260 By asymmetric procedure, we mean a process generated with two keys. 00:01:19.181 --> 00:01:19.861 Think of it like this. 00:01:20.282 --> 00:01:22.643 You lock it with a key. 00:01:22.923 --> 00:01:26.066 Another person in your family can also open the door with that key. 00:01:26.146 --> 00:01:29.808 No one can open this door except with these two keys. 00:01:29.868 --> 00:01:31.890 No one can open the door of your house. 00:01:32.566 --> 00:01:34.287 The first key is a shared key. 00:01:34.407 --> 00:01:37.089 Think of this key as something you can duplicate from the locksmith. 00:01:37.129 --> 00:01:39.471 This key activates the lock at the sender. 00:01:39.971 --> 00:01:41.672 The second key is a private key. 00:01:41.812 --> 00:01:44.874 This key is used for decrypting at the receiver. 00:01:45.834 --> 00:01:56.712 On the other hand, there is an asymmetric procedure, which uses two keys against the system, and a symmetric procedure, which uses only one key for both encryption and decryption. 00:01:56.752 --> 00:01:58.695 The asymmetric procedure is commonly used today. 00:01:59.135 --> 00:02:02.459 Today, encrypting our emails has become quite easy with the help of suitable plugins. 00:02:11.514 --> 00:02:15.476 Our emails are transmission tools that have security vulnerabilities. 00:02:15.876 --> 00:02:19.738 Encrypting our emails is extremely easy. 00:02:20.138 --> 00:02:27.362 And encryption software automatically completes the process after the key and cipher have been exchanged once by each communication partner. 00:02:28.181 --> 00:02:31.463 You can also perform encryption within Outlook. 00:02:31.763 --> 00:02:37.944 We also cover information on this topic in the field of digital security and in our communication units. 00:02:41.185 --> 00:02:42.865 Yes, we mentioned encryption. 00:02:43.585 --> 00:02:53.387 Microsoft Windows operating system versions provide their own encryption method, called EFS, within Microsoft Windows. 00:02:54.127 --> 00:02:56.208 EFS is a file encryption system. 00:02:57.668 --> 00:03:03.508 You will also have detailed information about this file encryption system in our digital security unit. 00:03:03.529 --> 00:03:11.671 In addition to EFS, there are two more encryption systems, BitLocker and BitLocker2Go. 00:03:13.171 --> 00:03:16.632 So what is the difference between these encryption systems? 00:03:17.472 --> 00:03:20.913 EFS can be used to protect individual documents or entire folders. 00:03:21.673 --> 00:03:25.534 We can protect the entire hard disk drive through BitLocker. 00:03:27.181 --> 00:03:30.604 Thus, the operating system starts only when properly authorized. 00:03:31.404 --> 00:03:38.467 Or if we are using an external disk, BitLocker allows us to apply it to USB flash drives and external drives. 00:03:40.828 --> 00:03:43.649 When using BitLocker, we need to pay attention to the recovery key. 00:03:43.890 --> 00:03:48.231 Losing the recovery key will result in the loss of encrypted data. 00:03:48.412 --> 00:03:51.853 The data will no longer be recoverable. 00:03:52.593 --> 00:03:55.495 Therefore, we need to remember and not lose these passwords. 00:03:56.135 --> 00:04:04.579 When we create applications related to BitLocker, after determining how a password will be created and where it will be stored, Windows provides us with various steps on how to back it up. 00:04:04.619 --> 00:04:07.080 We need to carefully follow these steps. 00:04:07.160 --> 00:04:10.142 You can have sufficient information about this in our digital security unit.

WEBVTT 00:00:00.663 --> 00:00:02.364 Şifrelendirme nedir? 00:00:06.748 --> 00:00:20.159 Şifrelendirme, VPN'de bahsettiğimiz gibi bir istemci ve bir sunucu arasındaki bilgi akışının diğer uçtan diğer uça geçerken kodunun değişmesi, 00:00:20.178 --> 00:00:23.142 sonra o kodun tekrar açılması gibi bu şekilde düşünebiliriz. 00:00:24.724 --> 00:00:27.987 Mesela ben xyz diye bir komut iletiyorum. 00:00:28.027 --> 00:00:31.250 Bu xyz komutu 1, 2, 3 diye çevrilir. 00:00:31.451 --> 00:00:36.816 Diğer bilgisayara geldiğinde 1, 2, 3, xyz diye aynanın diğer simetrik kısmından çözülür. 00:00:37.976 --> 00:00:39.618 Şifrelendirmenin özelliği şudur. 00:00:39.699 --> 00:00:44.463 Mesela masa üstündeki dosyaları da şifrelendirebilirsiniz bilgisayarızın içerisindeki. 00:00:44.503 --> 00:00:46.284 Buna İngilizce'de encryption adı verilir. 00:00:48.783 --> 00:00:58.496 hem dosya iletisinde yani İslamcı ve sunucu arasındaki ilişkide hem de kendi bilgisayarımızın dahilindeki verileri şifelendirdiğimizde bu dosya birinin 00:00:58.536 --> 00:01:05.906 eline geçse bile doğru güvenlik kullanıcı adı ve parola olmadan bu kişi bu dosyanın içerisindeki verileri erişemez. 00:01:08.373 --> 00:01:11.916 Ve çoğu durumda şifelendirme için asimetrik bir prosedür kullanılır. 00:01:12.256 --> 00:01:18.260 Yani asimetrik prosedürden kastettiğimiz şey iki adet anahtarla üretilen bir işleyişe sahip olduğudur. 00:01:19.181 --> 00:01:19.861 Şöyle düşünün. 00:01:20.282 --> 00:01:22.643 İşte siz bir anahtarla kilitliyorsunuz. 00:01:22.923 --> 00:01:26.066 Ailenizdeki diğer bir kişi de o anahtarla açabiliyor. 00:01:26.146 --> 00:01:29.808 Bu iki anahtar dışında kimse bu kapıyı açamıyor. 00:01:29.868 --> 00:01:31.890 Evinizin kapısını kimse açamıyor. 00:01:32.566 --> 00:01:34.287 Birinci anahtar ortak anahtardır. 00:01:34.407 --> 00:01:37.089 Bu anahtarı gidip anahtarcıdan çoğaltabilirsiniz gibi düşünün. 00:01:37.129 --> 00:01:39.471 Bu anahtar göndericideki kilidi etkinleştirir. 00:01:39.971 --> 00:01:41.672 İkinci anahtar ise özel anahtardır. 00:01:41.812 --> 00:01:44.874 Bu anahtar ise alıcıdaki şifre çözme işlemini kullanır. 00:01:45.834 --> 00:01:56.712 Diğer bir yandan asimetrik prosedür yani iki adet anahtarlığı sisteme karşı bir de tek anahtar kullanan Hem şifrelendirme hem de çözme işlemi için tek 00:01:56.752 --> 00:01:58.695 bir anahtar kullanan simetrik prosedür vardır. 00:01:59.135 --> 00:02:02.459 Fakat günümüzde yaygınlıkla kullanılan asimetrik prosedürdür. 00:02:05.471 --> 00:02:11.054 Günümüzde uygun eklentilerin yardımıyla e-postalarımızla şifrelendirmemiz oldukça kolay bir hale gelmiştir. 00:02:11.514 --> 00:02:15.476 E-postalarımız da güvenlik açığına sahip olan iletim araçlarıdır. 00:02:15.876 --> 00:02:19.738 E-postalarımızla şifrelendirmemiz son derece kolaydır. 00:02:20.138 --> 00:02:27.362 Ve şifrelendirme yazılımları, anahtar, şife, her iletişim ortağı tarafından yalnızca bir kez değiştirdikten sonra işleme otomatik olarak tamamlar. 00:02:28.181 --> 00:02:31.463 Outlook içerisinde de yine şifelendirme işlemi yapmanız mümkün. 00:02:31.763 --> 00:02:37.944 Bu konuya dair bilgiyi de dijital güvenlik alanında ve iletişim ünitelerimizde ele alıyoruz. 00:02:41.185 --> 00:02:42.865 Evet, şifelendirmeden bahsetmiştik. 00:02:43.585 --> 00:02:53.387 Microsoft Windows işletim sistem sürümleri içerisinde kendi şifelendirme yöntemini sunar Microsoft Windows ve bu şifelendirme yöntemini EFS denir. 00:02:54.127 --> 00:02:56.208 EFS bir dosya şifelendirme sistemidir. 00:02:57.668 --> 00:03:03.508 Bu dosya şifelendirme sistemiyle ilgili de yine dijital güvenlik ünitemizde detaylı bilgiye sahip olacaksınız. 00:03:03.529 --> 00:03:11.671 EFS'nin yanı sıra BitLocker ve BitLocker2Go iki tane daha şifelendirme sistemi var. 00:03:13.171 --> 00:03:16.632 Peki bu şifelendirme sistemleri arasındaki fark ne? 00:03:17.472 --> 00:03:20.913 EFS tek tek belgeleri veya tüm klasörleri korumak için kullanabilir. 00:03:21.673 --> 00:03:25.534 Tüm sabit disk sürücüsünü BitLocker sayesinde koruyabiliriz. 00:03:27.181 --> 00:03:30.604 Böylece işletim sistemi yalnızca uygun izinle yetkilendirildiğine başlar. 00:03:31.404 --> 00:03:38.467 Veya bir harici disk kullanıyorsak BitLocker'ı USB flash sürücüleri ve harici sürücüleri de uygulayabilmemizi sağlar. 00:03:40.828 --> 00:03:43.649 BitLocker kullanırken gizli anahtara dikkat etmemiz lazım. 00:03:43.890 --> 00:03:48.231 Gizli anahtar şifrenin kaybolması şifrelenmiş verilerin kaybını da beraberinde getirir. 00:03:48.412 --> 00:03:51.853 Artık bu verilerin şifresi çözülemeyecektir. 00:03:52.593 --> 00:03:55.495 Bu sebeple bu şifreleri unutmamamız ve kaybetmemiz gerekir. 00:03:56.135 --> 00:04:04.579 Zaten BitLocker ile ilgili uygulamaları yaptığımızda bir şifrenin nasıl oluşacağı ve bu şifrenin nereye kaydedileceği kaydedildikten sonra nasıl yedeklenmesine 00:04:04.619 --> 00:04:07.080 alınacağına dair Windows bize çeşitli adımlar sunar. 00:04:07.160 --> 00:04:10.142 Bu adımları dikkatlice izleyerek yapmamız gerekir. 00:04:10.602 --> 00:04:16.645 Bununla ilgili yine dijital güvenlik ünitemizde yeterli bilgi sahibi olabilirsiniz.