Farklı Lisans Modelleri

WEBVTT 00:00:00.779 --> 00:00:05.801 Wie viele verschiedene Lizenzmodelle gibt es und welche sind sie? 00:00:07.282 --> 00:00:12.544 Hier werden wir uns mit vier Hauptlizenzmodellen befassen. 00:00:12.603 --> 00:00:17.086 Eines davon ist proprietäre Software, das andere ist Open Source. 00:00:18.827 --> 00:00:20.608 Kopierbare und kostenlose Software. 00:00:22.418 --> 00:00:28.501 Wenn wir von proprietärer Software sprechen, darf die Software in keiner Weise verändert werden. 00:00:28.741 --> 00:00:31.323 Zum Beispiel Microsoft Office-Anwendungen. 00:00:31.963 --> 00:00:41.768 Wenn wir anfangen, Microsoft Word zu verwenden, haben wir außer den Personalisierungsoptionen in Microsoft Word kein Recht, diese Software zu ändern, 00:00:41.868 --> 00:00:43.369 auch wenn wir über Programmierkenntnisse verfügen. 00:00:46.018 --> 00:00:51.720 Eingeschränkte Nutzung, auch bekannt als Shareware. 00:00:52.659 --> 00:00:59.243 Bei Shareware-Programmen können Anwendungen vor dem Kauf getestet und beliebig oft kopiert werden. 00:00:59.683 --> 00:01:01.623 Die Testzeit beträgt in der Regel 30 Tage. 00:01:01.663 --> 00:01:04.804 Nach Ablauf muss die Software durch den Kaufvorgang registriert werden. 00:01:05.285 --> 00:01:07.886 Andernfalls wird die weitere Nutzung der Software verweigert. 00:01:08.325 --> 00:01:11.066 Als Beispiel können wir die Testzeiträume anführen. 00:01:11.107 --> 00:01:14.788 Die Testzeiträume variieren normalerweise zwischen 1 Woche und 30 Tagen. 00:01:16.830 --> 00:01:27.555 Einige Anwendungen, die auf industrieller Ebene für die Arbeit verwendet werden, können je nach Transaktionsvolumen und Anforderungen zwischen 6 Monaten und einem Jahr variieren. 00:01:28.075 --> 00:01:29.636 Wir kommen mit einer Testversion. 00:01:29.836 --> 00:01:30.856 Was haben wir über Shareware gesagt? 00:01:30.936 --> 00:01:31.456 Wir probieren es aus. 00:01:31.677 --> 00:01:41.340 Nachdem es uns gefallen hat, haben wir erwähnt, dass wir nach Unterzeichnung des Kaufvertrags manchmal unseren Benutzernamen und unser Passwort auch auf anderen Computern kostenlos verwenden können. 00:01:41.361 --> 00:01:42.422 Es gibt auch eine Testversion. 00:01:44.653 --> 00:01:52.118 Also, im Gegensatz zu Shareware, wenn wir zum Beispiel Microsoft Office installieren, gibt es eine Testversion von Microsoft Word. 00:01:53.279 --> 00:01:56.261 Wie gesagt, wir haben es einen Monat lang benutzt, waren zufrieden. 00:01:56.601 --> 00:02:00.724 Wir unterzeichnen den Vertrag, zahlen die Gebühr und nutzen es weiter. 00:02:02.305 --> 00:02:07.188 Das Ziel hier ist, dass Testversionen von Anwendungen für einen bestimmten Zeitraum kostenlos zur Verfügung gestellt werden. 00:02:07.408 --> 00:02:12.612 In der Hoffnung, dass der Benutzer die Anwendung mag oder nützlich findet. 00:02:13.837 --> 00:02:17.641 Wenn die Testzeit abgelaufen ist und die Lizenz nicht gekauft wird, werden die Versionen unbrauchbar. 00:02:18.020 --> 00:02:28.833 Ein weiteres Beispiel dafür sind einige Anwendungen, die wir aus dem Android- oder Apple-App-Store auf unserem Handy herunterladen, die wir beispielsweise eine Woche lang nutzen 00:02:28.993 --> 00:02:32.136 und dann eine Gebühr verlangt wird. 00:02:32.937 --> 00:02:34.839 Es gibt auch kostenlose Software, Freeware. 00:02:35.660 --> 00:02:43.268 Software-Entwickler bieten Anwendungen an, die vollständig kostenlos und mit allen Funktionen für die Nutzer verfügbar sind. 00:02:43.627 --> 00:02:47.212 Sie können kopiert und kostenlos an andere Benutzer verteilt werden. 00:02:49.174 --> 00:02:54.757 Das Ziel hier ist, dass diese Software von mehr Menschen genutzt wird, weil sie kostenlos ist. 00:02:54.857 --> 00:02:58.538 Auf der anderen Seite werden wir gleich sehen. 00:02:58.619 --> 00:03:00.360 Es gibt auch Arten von Open-Source-Software. 00:03:01.139 --> 00:03:08.544 Wir müssen vorsichtig sein mit kostenloser Software, denn es gibt viele kostenlose Programme im Internet, und einige könnten unserem Computer schaden oder uns 00:03:08.604 --> 00:03:10.745 einer Virenbedrohung aussetzen. 00:03:11.065 --> 00:03:12.726 Wir werden auch dieses Thema behandeln. 00:03:13.386 --> 00:03:19.131 Wenn es um Open-Source-Software geht, sind Open-Source-Programme im Gegensatz zu kostenloser Software. 00:03:20.172 --> 00:03:21.092 Was ist der grundlegende Unterschied? 00:03:21.153 --> 00:03:30.000 Kostenlose Software wird entwickelt und bleibt so, bis der Entwickler etwas Neues hinzufügt. 00:03:30.100 --> 00:03:32.101 Open-Source-Software ist jedoch anders. 00:03:32.161 --> 00:03:39.888 Verschiedene Personen können beispielsweise bestimmte Funktionen verbessern, den Ablauf weiterentwickeln oder Änderungen am Benutzeroberfläche vornehmen. 00:03:40.836 --> 00:03:48.808 Wir sprechen also von der offenen Veröffentlichung von Softwarecode, d.h. er ist für alle sichtbar und frei verteilt, und die kostenlose Verteilung ist erlaubt. 00:03:48.888 --> 00:03:52.133 Dadurch können Anwendungen von verschiedenen Entwicklern erstellt werden. 00:03:52.573 --> 00:03:56.259 Was können wir als Beispiel dafür geben, meine Freunde? 00:03:57.341 --> 00:04:00.424 Microsoft Office ist zum Beispiel sehr teuer, wir möchten es nicht verwenden. 00:04:00.884 --> 00:04:03.346 Dann können wir zum Beispiel die Anwendung Open Office verwenden. 00:04:03.426 --> 00:04:08.230 Wie der Name schon sagt, ist Open Office Open Source, also eine Open-Source-Software. 00:04:09.491 --> 00:04:11.613 Es ist möglich, dies auf all unseren Computern zu installieren. 00:04:11.853 --> 00:04:12.874 Was wird der Unterschied sein? 00:04:12.934 --> 00:04:19.339 Natürlich besteht die Möglichkeit, dass Sie einige Formatierungsfunktionen, die Sie in Microsoft Word verwenden, in Open-Source-Software nicht finden.

WEBVTT 00:00:00.779 --> 00:00:05.801 So how many different licensing models are there, and what are the different licensing models? 00:00:07.282 --> 00:00:12.544 Now we will discuss four main licensing models here. 00:00:12.603 --> 00:00:17.086 One of these is proprietary software, the other is open source. 00:00:18.827 --> 00:00:20.608 Copied and free software. 00:00:22.418 --> 00:00:28.501 When we say proprietary software, it means the software cannot be modified in any way. 00:00:28.741 --> 00:00:31.323 For example, Microsoft Office applications. 00:00:31.963 --> 00:00:41.768 When we start using Microsoft Word, apart from the personalization options in Microsoft Word, we do not have the right to modify this software, 00:00:41.868 --> 00:00:43.369 even if we have coding knowledge. 00:00:46.018 --> 00:00:51.720 Limited use software, known as shareware in English or try-before-you-buy. 00:00:52.659 --> 00:00:59.243 In limited use software, applications can be tried before purchase and can be copied as desired. 00:00:59.683 --> 00:01:01.623 The trial period is usually 30 days. 00:01:01.663 --> 00:01:04.804 When it ends, the software must be registered by purchasing it. 00:01:05.285 --> 00:01:07.886 Otherwise, the software does not allow further use. 00:01:08.325 --> 00:01:11.066 As an example, we can show trial periods. 00:01:11.107 --> 00:01:14.788 Trial periods generally vary between 1 week and 30 days. 00:01:16.830 --> 00:01:27.555 Some applications taken for industrial level work can change shape according to the volume and requirements of the process up to 6 months to 1 year. 00:01:28.075 --> 00:01:29.636 We are coming with a trial version. 00:01:29.836 --> 00:01:30.856 What did we say about Shareware? 00:01:30.936 --> 00:01:31.456 We are trying. 00:01:31.677 --> 00:01:41.340 After we like it, we sign the purchase agreement and sometimes we can use our username and password for free on other computers as we mentioned. 00:01:41.361 --> 00:01:42.422 There is also a trial version. 00:01:44.653 --> 00:01:52.118 So, unlike this shareware, for example, when we install Microsoft Office, there is a trial version of Microsoft Word. 00:01:53.279 --> 00:01:56.261 As I said, we use it for a month, we are satisfied. 00:01:56.601 --> 00:02:00.724 We continue to use it by signing the agreement and paying the fee. 00:02:02.305 --> 00:02:07.188 The aim here is to make trial versions of applications available for use without payment for a certain period. 00:02:07.408 --> 00:02:12.612 It is hoped that the user will like or find the application useful during this period. 00:02:13.837 --> 00:02:17.641 When the trial period ends, versions that are not purchased become unusable. 00:02:18.020 --> 00:02:28.833 Another example of this is, for instance, some applications we get from Android or Apple app stores on our mobile phones, after using them for a week 00:02:28.993 --> 00:02:32.136 we may be asked to pay a fee. 00:02:32.937 --> 00:02:34.839 There are also free software, freeware. 00:02:35.660 --> 00:02:43.268 Software developers offer applications that are completely free and all functions are open for users to benefit from. 00:02:43.627 --> 00:02:47.212 They can be copied and distributed to other users for free. 00:02:49.174 --> 00:02:54.757 The aim here is to ensure that more people use this software, because it's free. 00:02:54.857 --> 00:02:58.538 On the other hand, we will see the thing in a moment. 00:02:58.619 --> 00:03:00.360 There are types of open source software. 00:03:01.139 --> 00:03:08.544 We need to be careful about free software because there are a lot of free software on the internet and some of them may harm our computer or expose us to 00:03:08.604 --> 00:03:10.745 software that could leave us under the threat of viruses. 00:03:11.065 --> 00:03:12.726 We will address this issue. 00:03:13.386 --> 00:03:19.131 When it comes to open source software, it is different from free software. 00:03:20.172 --> 00:03:21.092 What is the main difference? 00:03:21.153 --> 00:03:30.000 Free software is developed and remains as it is until the person developing the software adds something new. 00:03:30.100 --> 00:03:32.101 Open source software, on the other hand, is different from open source. 00:03:32.161 --> 00:03:39.888 Different people can enter and, for example, improve some functions, advance the operation, or make some changes related to the interface. 00:03:40.836 --> 00:03:48.808 In other words, we are talking about the distribution of software code openly, meaning visible to everyone and free, and the freedom of distribution. 00:03:48.888 --> 00:03:52.133 This allows applications to be developed by different developers. 00:03:52.573 --> 00:03:56.259 For example, what can we give as an example? 00:03:57.341 --> 00:04:00.424 For instance, Microsoft Office is too expensive, and we don't want to use it. 00:04:00.884 --> 00:04:03.346 In that case, we can use an application like Open Office. 00:04:03.426 --> 00:04:08.230 As you can understand from its name, Open Office is open-source software. 00:04:09.491 --> 00:04:11.613 We can install this on all our computers. 00:04:11.853 --> 00:04:12.874 What will be the difference? 00:04:12.934 --> 00:04:19.339 Of course, there is a possibility that you may not find some formatting features you use in Microsoft Word in open-source software.

WEBVTT 00:00:00.779 --> 00:00:05.801 Peki kaç tane farklı lisans modeli vardır, farklı lisans modelleri nelerdir? 00:00:07.282 --> 00:00:12.544 Şimdi burada belli başlı dört tane lisans modelini ele alacağız. 00:00:12.603 --> 00:00:17.086 Bunlardan bir tanesi tescilli yazılım, diğeri açık kaynak, İngilizcesi open source. 00:00:18.827 --> 00:00:20.608 Kopyalanır ve ücretsiz yazılım. 00:00:22.418 --> 00:00:28.501 Tescilli yazılım dediğimiz zaman tescilli yazılımın hiçbir şekilde değiştirilmesine izin yoktur. 00:00:28.741 --> 00:00:31.323 Örneğin Microsoft Office uygulamaları. 00:00:31.963 --> 00:00:41.768 Microsoft Word'u kullanmaya başladığımız zaman Microsoft Word'daki kişiselleştirme opsiyonları dışında bizim bu yazılımı değiştirme hakkımız yok, 00:00:41.868 --> 00:00:43.369 kodlama bilgimiz olsa bile. 00:00:46.018 --> 00:00:51.720 Kısıtlı kullanımlı yazılım, shareware adı İngilizcesi veya paylaşarak kullanım diyelim. 00:00:52.659 --> 00:00:59.243 Kısıtlı yani paylaşarak kullanılan yazılımlarda uygulamalar satın alınmadan önce denenebilir ve istenildiği kadar kopyalanabilir. 00:00:59.683 --> 00:01:01.623 Deneme süresi genellikle 30 gündür. 00:01:01.663 --> 00:01:04.804 Bittiğinde yazılımı satın alma yöntemiyle kaydedilmesi gerekir. 00:01:05.285 --> 00:01:07.886 Aksi halde yazılım daha fazla kullanmaya izin vermez. 00:01:08.325 --> 00:01:11.066 Buna örnek olarak mesela deneme sürelerini gösterebiliriz. 00:01:11.107 --> 00:01:14.788 Deneme süreleri genelde 1 haftayla 30 gün arasında farklılık gösterir. 00:01:16.830 --> 00:01:27.555 Endüstriyel seviyede iş için alınan bazı uygulamalar da bu 6 ay 1 seneye kadar işlem hacmi ve gereksinimlerine göre şekil değiştirmektedir. 00:01:28.075 --> 00:01:29.636 Deneme sürümü geliyoruz. 00:01:29.836 --> 00:01:30.856 Shareware ne demiştik? 00:01:30.936 --> 00:01:31.456 Deniyoruz. 00:01:31.677 --> 00:01:41.340 Hoşumuza gittikten sonra satın alma sözleşmesini imzalayıp bazen diğer bilgisayarlarda da ücretsizce kullanıcı adı ve şifremize kullanabiliyoruz demiştik. 00:01:41.361 --> 00:01:42.422 Bir de deneme sürümü var. 00:01:44.653 --> 00:01:52.118 Yani bu shareware'dan farklı olarak mesela Microsoft Office yüklediğimizde Microsoft Word'ın bir trial versiyonu yani deneme sürümü var. 00:01:53.279 --> 00:01:56.261 Bu dediğim gibi işte bir ay kullandık, memnun kaldık. 00:01:56.601 --> 00:02:00.724 Sözleşmeyi imzalayıp ücretini ödeyerek satın alıp kullanmaya devam ediyoruz. 00:02:02.305 --> 00:02:07.188 Buradaki amaç uygulamaların deneme sürümü belirli bir süre ücret ödemeden kullanıma açılması. 00:02:07.408 --> 00:02:12.612 Bu süre zarfında kullanıcının uygulamayı sevmesi veya faydalı bulması umut edilir. 00:02:13.837 --> 00:02:17.641 Deneme süresi bittiğinde lisansı satın alınmayan sürümler kullanılmaz hale gelirler. 00:02:18.020 --> 00:02:28.833 Buna diğer bir örnek de mesela cep telefonumuzdaki Android veya işte Apple uygulama mağazalarından aldığımız bazı uygulamaları mesela bir hafta kullandıktan 00:02:28.993 --> 00:02:32.136 sonra bir ücret talebi olduğunu gösterebiliriz. 00:02:32.937 --> 00:02:34.839 Bir de ücretsiz yazılımlar var, freeware. 00:02:35.660 --> 00:02:43.268 Yazılım üreticileri, kullanıcıların faydalanmaları amacıyla tamamen ücretsiz ve tüm işlevleri açık sunuluklara uygulamalar var. 00:02:43.627 --> 00:02:47.212 Kopyalanmaları ve ücretsiz şekilde başka kullanıcılara dağıtılmaları serbest. 00:02:49.174 --> 00:02:54.757 Buradaki amaç bir bu yazılımın daha fazla kişi tarafından kullanılmasını sağlamak, ücretsiz çünkü. 00:02:54.857 --> 00:02:58.538 Diğer bir yandan da işte şeyi göreceğiz biraz sonra. 00:02:58.619 --> 00:03:00.360 Açık kaynak yazılım cinsleri var. 00:03:01.139 --> 00:03:08.544 Ücretsiz yazılımlarla ilgili dikkatli olmamız lazım çünkü internette bir sürü ücretsiz yazılım var ve bazıları bilgisayarımıza zarar verebilecek veya bizi 00:03:08.604 --> 00:03:10.745 işte virüs tehdidi altında bırakabilecek yazılımlar. 00:03:11.065 --> 00:03:12.726 Bununla ilgili de durumu ele alacağız. 00:03:13.386 --> 00:03:19.131 Açık kaynak yazılımı open source'a geldiğimizde ücretsiz yazılımdan farklı olarak açık kaynak yazılımlardı. 00:03:20.172 --> 00:03:21.092 Temel farklılık nedir? 00:03:21.153 --> 00:03:30.000 Ücretsiz yazılım geliştirilir ve daha sonra o şekilde yazılımı geliştiren kişi yeni bir şey ekleyene kadar böyle kalır. 00:03:30.100 --> 00:03:32.101 Açık kaynak yazılımı ise open source farklıdır. 00:03:32.161 --> 00:03:39.888 Farklı kişiler girerek mesela bazı fonksiyonları geliştirebilirler, işleyişi ilerletebilirler veya arayüzle ilgili bazı değişiklikler yapabilirler. 00:03:40.836 --> 00:03:48.808 Yani özetle yazılım kodlarının açık yani herkese görülebilir ve ücretsiz dağıtılması durumundan bahsediyoruz ve ücretsiz dağıtım serbest. 00:03:48.888 --> 00:03:52.133 Bu sayede uygulamalar farklı yazılımcılar tarafından geliştirilebilir. 00:03:52.573 --> 00:03:56.259 Buna örnek olarak mesela ne verebiliriz derseniz arkadaşlar? 00:03:57.341 --> 00:04:00.424 Microsoft Office mesela çok pahalı geldi kullanmak istemiyoruz. 00:04:00.884 --> 00:04:03.346 O zaman Open Office uygulamasını mesela kullanabiliriz. 00:04:03.426 --> 00:04:08.230 Open Office adından da anlayacağınız gibi Open Source, Open Office açık kaynaklı yazılım. 00:04:09.491 --> 00:04:11.613 Bunu tüm bilgisayarlarımıza kurmamız mümkün. 00:04:11.853 --> 00:04:12.874 Farkı ne olacaktır? 00:04:12.934 --> 00:04:19.339 Microsoft Word'da yaptığınız bazı mesela biçimlendirme özelliklerini açık kaynak yazılım içerisinde bulamama ihtimaliniz tabii ki var.