Çevrimiçi Temel Terimleri

WEBVTT 00:00:00.848 --> 00:00:02.870 Grundbegriffe und Informationen. 00:00:06.053 --> 00:00:16.422 Während wir uns mit Grundbegriffen und grundlegenden Informationen befassen, werden wir Fragen wie: Was ist das Internet, das WWW, eine URL und ein Hyperlink beantworten. 00:00:16.783 --> 00:00:23.529 Und wenn wir diese Fragen beantworten, sind die grundlegenden Fragen, die wir beantworten werden, die folgenden, wenn wir auch die Unterfragen berücksichtigen. 00:00:24.210 --> 00:00:26.372 Wofür nutzen wir das Internet? 00:00:27.469 --> 00:00:31.632 Was ist das World Wide Web, also das WWW, weltweit? 00:00:32.572 --> 00:00:36.454 Wofür wird HTML, die Hypertext Markup Language, verwendet? 00:00:37.395 --> 00:00:40.437 Was ist eine URL, also ein Standard-Ressourcen-Locator? 00:00:41.317 --> 00:00:46.140 Und was ist ein Hyperlink? 00:00:46.200 --> 00:00:52.704 Das Internet wird nicht nur für Geschäft, Handel, Schule und private Zwecke genutzt, sondern auch für folgende Zwecke. 00:00:53.104 --> 00:01:05.315 Informationsbeschaffung, Kommunikation, Betrieb, Marketing, Online-Banking, Bildung, Lehre und Forschung, elektronische Datenverarbeitungswerkzeuge und -lösungen, 00:01:05.856 --> 00:01:15.425 Online-Communities, also soziale Medien-Netzwerke und Spiele sowie andere Online-Bücher, virtuelle Museumsbesuche und Spiele, die wir spielen. 00:01:15.925 --> 00:01:16.806 Wir können uns vorstellen. 00:01:18.708 --> 00:01:22.331 Was ist also das World Wide Web, das WWW, ein weltweites Netzwerk? 00:01:22.938 --> 00:01:32.672 Das World Wide Web, also das WWW oder kurz WWW, ist ein Informationssystem, das aus im Internet veröffentlichten Hypertextdokumenten besteht. 00:01:33.891 --> 00:01:37.912 Um es einfacher auszudrücken, betrachten wir eine Internetseite. 00:01:38.372 --> 00:01:40.452 Wie viele Internetseiten gibt es? 00:01:40.732 --> 00:01:42.633 Es gibt Millionen von Internetseiten. 00:01:43.393 --> 00:01:53.075 Und das Netzwerk, das es ermöglicht, dass diese Internetseiten miteinander interagieren und wir über Computer auf sie zugreifen können, 00:01:53.255 --> 00:01:56.576 wird als das World Wide Web oder einfach das Internet bezeichnet. 00:01:59.816 --> 00:02:02.237 Wofür wird HTML, die Hypertext Markup Language, verwendet? 00:02:02.257 --> 00:02:09.687 HTML ist der Name des Codes, mit dem Internetseiten erstellt werden. 00:02:10.388 --> 00:02:13.971 Es ist eine Auszeichnungssprache, wenn wir es ins Deutsche übersetzen. 00:02:14.752 --> 00:02:22.300 Hinter jeder Internetseite läuft ein HTML-Code im Hintergrund. 00:02:22.419 --> 00:02:28.346 HTML-Dokumente bilden das Fundament des World Wide Web und werden von einem Browser angezeigt. 00:02:29.836 --> 00:02:40.601 Browser machen Seiten, die mit HTML-Code erstellt wurden, visuell ansprechender und benutzerfreundlicher. 00:02:40.901 --> 00:02:46.824 Sie können Browser wie Google Chrome als Übersetzer betrachten. 00:02:47.204 --> 00:02:51.706 Sie übersetzen einen komplexen HTML-Code in eine für uns verständliche Sprache. 00:02:52.606 --> 00:02:57.347 Über Links und Verknüpfungen können wir leicht auf diese Seiten zugreifen. 00:02:57.727 --> 00:03:01.108 Denken Sie zum Beispiel an den Text in einem Word-Dokument. 00:03:01.868 --> 00:03:08.169 Wenn es blau und unterstrichen ist, handelt es sich um einen Link, der uns beim Klicken auf eine Internetseite weiterleitet. 00:03:09.169 --> 00:03:14.511 Auf der anderen Seite kann auch zwischen zwei Internetseiten ein solcher Link entstehen. 00:03:14.651 --> 00:03:20.931 Ich werde Ihnen sofort Informationen darüber geben, wie diese Links entstehen, wie diese Verbindungen entstehen. 00:03:22.992 --> 00:03:30.959 Also müssen wir unserem Internetbrowser sagen, wohin wir mit unserem Dolmetscher gehen und mit wem wir sprechen möchten. 00:03:31.319 --> 00:03:34.802 An dieser Stelle kommt die URL, die Internetadresse, ins Spiel. 00:03:35.383 --> 00:03:39.366 Jede Datei, jedes Programm, jede Information im Internet hat eine Adresse. 00:03:39.906 --> 00:03:43.770 Diese Adresse wird als Standardressourcenlokator, also als URL, bezeichnet. 00:03:45.152 --> 00:03:58.918 Was wir bei der URL beachten müssen, ist, dass die URL immer korrekt geschrieben sein muss und keine Buchstaben wie Ü, Ö, Ü enthalten sein dürfen. 00:03:58.978 --> 00:04:03.140 Denn die URL wird auf Englisch definiert. 00:04:03.180 --> 00:04:06.862 Eine Standardressourcenlokatoradresse wird also auf Englisch definiert. 00:04:07.202 --> 00:04:15.206 Deshalb sollten keine Vokale in dieser Adresse enthalten sein, die im Englischen nicht vorkommen. 00:04:16.738 --> 00:04:28.971 Andererseits, wenn Sie in der heutigen Zeit die URL nicht korrekt in Ihren Internetbrowser eingeben, erhalten Sie über eine Suchmaschine bestimmte Vorschläge, welches die richtige URL sein könnte. 00:04:29.031 --> 00:04:30.973 00:04:31.533 --> 00:04:35.137 Wenn Sie zuverlässige Quellen erreichen, müssen wir darauf achten. 00:04:35.237 --> 00:04:37.760 Dieses Thema werden wir auch in den kommenden Abschnitten behandeln. 00:04:39.942 --> 00:04:41.863 Ich habe gerade über Links gesprochen. 00:04:41.924 --> 00:04:43.926 Ich habe über Links, Pop-ups gesprochen. 00:04:43.966 --> 00:04:45.387 Was ist jetzt ein Hyperlink? 00:04:45.447 --> 00:04:46.188 Lass es uns anschauen. 00:04:46.488 --> 00:04:47.649 Im Englischen heißt es Hyperlink. 00:04:48.450 --> 00:04:53.194 Ein Hyperlink, also ein Hyperlink, ist eines der wichtigsten Elemente von Webseiten. 00:04:53.774 --> 00:04:58.839 Dank dieser Links können wir leicht von einer Seite zu einer anderen in unserem Browser wechseln. 00:05:00.360 --> 00:05:14.579 Ein Beispiel dafür sind einige Websites. Zum Beispiel auf einer Website wie Facebook, Instagram, wenn Sie auf das F-Logo oben links auf der Seite klicken, 00:05:15.059 --> 00:05:16.900 kehren Sie zur Startseite zurück. 00:05:17.180 --> 00:05:19.080 Das ist zum Beispiel ein Hyperlink. 00:05:20.841 --> 00:05:27.363 Solche Links erscheinen normalerweise unterstrichen in Blau, aber heutzutage kann dieses Grafik auf Internetseiten, 00:05:27.384 --> 00:05:30.445 eine kleine Animation oder sogar ein Bild sein. 00:05:33.544 --> 00:05:36.045 Dank dieser Verknüpfungen, was haben wir gesagt? 00:05:36.426 --> 00:05:42.589 Wir können zwischen Internetseiten wechseln und dies bietet uns praktische Übergangsmöglichkeiten.

WEBVTT 00:00:00.848 --> 00:00:02.870 Basic terms and information. 00:00:06.053 --> 00:00:16.422 While discussing basic terms and basic information, we will answer the questions of what internet, WWW, URL, and hyperlink are. 00:00:16.783 --> 00:00:23.529 And when answering these questions, the fundamental questions we will answer when we consider sub-questions together are as follows. 00:00:24.210 --> 00:00:26.372 For what purposes do we use the internet? 00:00:27.469 --> 00:00:31.632 What is the World Wide Web, known as WWW, worldwide? 00:00:32.572 --> 00:00:36.454 What is HTML, the hypertext markup language, used for? 00:00:37.395 --> 00:00:40.437 What is a Uniform Resource Locator (URL)? 00:00:41.317 --> 00:00:46.140 And what is a hyperlink? 00:00:46.200 --> 00:00:52.704 In addition to business, commerce, school, and personal use, the internet is also used for the following purposes. 00:00:53.104 --> 00:01:05.315 Information gathering, communication, business, marketing, electronic banking, education, teaching and research, electronic information processing tools and solutions, 00:01:05.856 --> 00:01:15.425 online communities, social media networks and games, and other online books, virtual museum tours, and games we play. 00:01:15.925 --> 00:01:16.806 We can think about. 00:01:18.708 --> 00:01:22.331 So what is the World Wide Web, WWW, a global network? 00:01:22.938 --> 00:01:32.672 World Wide Web, or WWW for short, is an information system consisting of hypertext documents published on the internet. 00:01:33.891 --> 00:01:37.912 To put it more simply, let's consider an internet page. 00:01:38.372 --> 00:01:40.452 Think about how many internet pages there are. 00:01:40.732 --> 00:01:42.633 There are millions of internet pages. 00:01:43.393 --> 00:01:53.075 And all the connections that allow these internet pages to work together and enable us to access these internet pages via computers 00:01:53.255 --> 00:01:56.576 are called the World Wide Web, or the internet. 00:01:59.816 --> 00:02:02.237 What is the purpose of HTML, the hypertext markup language? 00:02:02.257 --> 00:02:09.687 HTML is the name of the code used to create internet pages. 00:02:10.388 --> 00:02:13.971 It is a hypertext markup language, when translated into Turkish. 00:02:14.752 --> 00:02:22.300 Behind all internet pages, there is an HTML code that runs. 00:02:22.419 --> 00:02:28.346 HTML documents form the foundation of the World Wide Web and are displayed by a web browser. 00:02:29.836 --> 00:02:40.601 Web browsers make pages created with HTML code visually easier for us to use and understand. 00:02:40.901 --> 00:02:46.824 So, you can think of web browsers, internet browsers, like Google Chrome, as interpreters. 00:02:47.204 --> 00:02:51.706 They translate a complex HTML code into a language we can understand. 00:02:52.606 --> 00:02:57.347 We can easily access these pages through links and connections. 00:02:57.727 --> 00:03:01.108 For example, think about the text in a Word document. 00:03:01.868 --> 00:03:08.169 If it's blue and underlined, it's a link, and when we click on this link, we are directed to a webpage. 00:03:09.169 --> 00:03:14.511 On the other hand, a link can also be formed between two webpages. 00:03:14.651 --> 00:03:20.931 I will immediately provide you with information on how these links are formed, how these connections are made. 00:03:22.992 --> 00:03:30.959 So, in our web browser, we need to tell our interpreter where we want to go and who we want to talk to. 00:03:31.319 --> 00:03:34.802 This is where the URL, the internet address, comes in. 00:03:35.383 --> 00:03:39.366 Every source on the internet, files, programs, information, has an address. 00:03:39.906 --> 00:03:43.770 This address is called a Uniform Resource Locator (URL). 00:03:45.152 --> 00:03:58.918 One thing we need to pay attention to regarding the URL is that it should always be written correctly and should not contain letters like U, Ö, Ü. 00:03:58.978 --> 00:04:03.140 Because the URL is defined in English. 00:04:03.180 --> 00:04:06.862 So, a Uniform Resource Locator is defined in English. 00:04:07.202 --> 00:04:15.206 Therefore, vowels that are not present in English should not be included in this address. 00:04:16.738 --> 00:04:28.971 On the other hand, nowadays, if you don't type the URL correctly in a web browser, certain suggestions will come through a search engine about which one could be the correct URL. 00:04:29.031 --> 00:04:30.973 00:04:31.533 --> 00:04:35.137 When you reach reliable sources at this point, we need to be careful. 00:04:35.237 --> 00:04:37.760 We will discuss this topic in upcoming sections as well. 00:04:39.942 --> 00:04:41.863 I mentioned links just now. 00:04:41.924 --> 00:04:43.926 I talked about links, pop-ups. 00:04:43.966 --> 00:04:45.387 Now, what is a hyperlink? 00:04:45.447 --> 00:04:46.188 Let's look at that. 00:04:46.488 --> 00:04:47.649 In English, it's called a hyperlink. 00:04:48.450 --> 00:04:53.194 A hyperlink, or a hyperlink, is one of the most important elements of A pages. 00:04:53.774 --> 00:04:58.839 Thanks to these links, we can easily switch to another page in our browser. 00:05:00.360 --> 00:05:14.579 For example, on some websites, such as Facebook, Instagram, when you click on the Facebook F logo in the top left corner of the page, 00:05:15.059 --> 00:05:16.900 you return to the home page. 00:05:17.180 --> 00:05:19.080 This, for example, is a hyperlink. 00:05:20.841 --> 00:05:27.363 These types of links usually appear underlined in blue, but nowadays on web pages, this graphic, 00:05:27.384 --> 00:05:30.445 can even be a small animation or an image. 00:05:33.544 --> 00:05:36.045 Thanks to these links, what did we say? 00:05:36.426 --> 00:05:42.589 We can make transitions between web pages and this provides us with practical transition opportunities.

WEBVTT 00:00:00.848 --> 00:00:02.870 Temel terimler ve bilgiler. 00:00:06.053 --> 00:00:16.422 Temel terimleri ve temel bilgileri ele alırken, internet, WWW, URL ve hiper bağlantı nedir sorularını cevaplandıracağız. 00:00:16.783 --> 00:00:23.529 Ve bu soruları cevaplandırırken, alt soruları da beraber ele aldığımızda cevaplandıracağımız temel sorular şunlar. 00:00:24.210 --> 00:00:26.372 İnterneti hangi amaçlar için kullanırız? 00:00:27.469 --> 00:00:31.632 Dünya çapında A yani World Wide Web www nedir? 00:00:32.572 --> 00:00:36.454 HTML yani hipermetin dili ne işe yarar? 00:00:37.395 --> 00:00:40.437 Standart kaynak bulucu yani URL nedir? 00:00:41.317 --> 00:00:46.140 Ve hiper bağlantı nedir? 00:00:46.200 --> 00:00:52.704 İnternet, iş, ticaret, okul ve özel kullanım amaçlarının yanı sıra şu amaçlar için de kullanılmaktadır. 00:00:53.104 --> 00:01:05.315 Bilgi toplama, iletişim, işletme, pazarlama, elektronik bankacılık, eğitim, öğretim ve araştırma, elektronik bilgi işlem araçları ve çözümleri, 00:01:05.856 --> 00:01:15.425 çevrimiçi topluluklar yani sosyal medya ağları ve oyunlar ve diğer çevrimiçi kitaplar, sanal müze gezileri ve oynadığımız oyunlar gibi. 00:01:15.925 --> 00:01:16.806 Düşünebiliriz. 00:01:18.708 --> 00:01:22.331 Peki World Wide Web WWW dünya çapında ağ nedir? 00:01:22.938 --> 00:01:32.672 Dünya çapında A, yani World Wide Web ya da kısaca WWW, internet üzerinde yayınlanan hipermetin dökümanlarından oluşan bir bilgi sistemidir. 00:01:33.891 --> 00:01:37.912 Bunu daha basit bir şekilde anlattığımızda bir internet sayfasını ele alalım. 00:01:38.372 --> 00:01:40.452 Düşünün kaç tane internet sayfası var? 00:01:40.732 --> 00:01:42.633 Milyonlarca internet sayfası var. 00:01:43.393 --> 00:01:53.075 Ve bu internet sayfalarının birbiriyle çalışması ve aynı zamanda bilgisayarlar üzerinden bu internet sayfalarına erişim sağlayabildiğimiz bütün bağlantıların 00:01:53.255 --> 00:01:56.576 bulunduğu A, World Wide Web yani internet denir. 00:01:59.816 --> 00:02:02.237 HTML, hipermetin dili ne işe yarar? 00:02:02.257 --> 00:02:09.687 HTML, İnternet sayfalarının oluşturulduğu kodun adıdır. 00:02:10.388 --> 00:02:13.971 Bir hipermetin işaret dilidir, Türkçeye çevirdiğimizde. 00:02:14.752 --> 00:02:22.300 Tüm internet sayfalarının arka planında çalışan bir HTML, HTML kodu bulunur. 00:02:22.419 --> 00:02:28.346 HTML belgeleri dünya çapında A'nın temelini oluşturur ve bir A tarayıcısı tarafından görüntülenir. 00:02:29.836 --> 00:02:40.601 HTML kodu üzerinde yapılmış sayfaları bizim görüp algılayabileceğimiz görsel anlamda daha kolay kullanabileceğimiz hale ise A tarayıcıları getirir. 00:02:40.901 --> 00:02:46.824 Yani A tarayıcılarını, internet tarayıcılarını, misal Google Chrome, bir tercüman gibi düşünebilirsiniz. 00:02:47.204 --> 00:02:51.706 Karışık bir HTML kodunu bizim anlayabileceğimiz bir dilde bize aktarırlar. 00:02:52.606 --> 00:02:57.347 Bu sayfalara aynı zamanda linkler, bağlantılar aracılığıyla kolayca ulaşabiliriz. 00:02:57.727 --> 00:03:01.108 Mesela bir Word dokümanın içerisindeki metini düşünelim. 00:03:01.868 --> 00:03:08.169 Eğer ki mavi ve altı çiziliyse bu bir linktir ve bu linke tıkladığımızda bir internet sayfasına yönlendiririz. 00:03:09.169 --> 00:03:14.511 Diğer bir yandan iki internet sayfası arasında da bu link oluşabilir. 00:03:14.651 --> 00:03:20.931 Bu linkleri nasıl oluştu, bu bağlantıları nasıl oluştuğuna dair size bilgi hemen aktaracağım. 00:03:22.992 --> 00:03:30.959 Peki internet tarayıcımızda bizim bu yani tercümanımıza nereye gitmek istediğimizi ve kimle konuşmak istediğimizi söylememiz gerekiyor. 00:03:31.319 --> 00:03:34.802 Bu noktada devreye URL yani internet adresi giriyor. 00:03:35.383 --> 00:03:39.366 İnternet üzerindeki her kaynan dosyalar, programlar, bilgiler bir adresi var. 00:03:39.906 --> 00:03:43.770 Bu adres standart kaynak bulucu yani URL olarak adlandırılır. 00:03:45.152 --> 00:03:58.918 URL ile ilgili dikkat etmemiz gereken şey her zaman URL'in doğru bir şekilde yazılması gerektiği ve içerisinde U, Ö, Ü gibi harflerin bulunmaması gerektiğidir. 00:03:58.978 --> 00:04:03.140 Çünkü URL İngilizce olarak tanımlanır. 00:04:03.180 --> 00:04:06.862 Yani bir standart kaynak bulucu bir adres İngilizce olarak tanımlanır. 00:04:07.202 --> 00:04:15.206 Bu sebeple İngilizcede bulunmayan sesli harflerin bu adres içerisinde geçmemesi gerekmektedir. 00:04:16.738 --> 00:04:28.971 Diğer bir yandan günümüzde bir internet tarıyıcısını siz URL'i doğru şekilde yazmadığınız zaman bir arama motoru aracılığıyla size URL'in doğrusunun hangisi 00:04:29.031 --> 00:04:30.973 olabileceğine dair belirli öneriler gelecektir. 00:04:31.533 --> 00:04:35.137 Bu noktada güvenilir kaynaklara ulaştığınızda dikkat etmemiz gerekir. 00:04:35.237 --> 00:04:37.760 Bu konuyu da ilerleyen bölümlerde ele alacağız. 00:04:39.942 --> 00:04:41.863 Az önce bağlantılardan bahsetmiştim. 00:04:41.924 --> 00:04:43.926 Linklerden, köpülerden bahsetmiştim. 00:04:43.966 --> 00:04:45.387 Şimdi hiper bağlantı nedir? 00:04:45.447 --> 00:04:46.188 Buna bakalım. 00:04:46.488 --> 00:04:47.649 İngilizcesi hyperlink. 00:04:48.450 --> 00:04:53.194 Hiper bağlantı yani bir hyperlink A sayfalarının en önemli öğelerinden bir tanesidir. 00:04:53.774 --> 00:04:58.839 Bu bağlantılar sayesinde A tarayıcımızda başka bir sayfaya kolayca geçiş yapmamız mümkündür. 00:05:00.360 --> 00:05:14.579 Buna örnek olarak bazı internet sitelerinde Mesela Facebook, Instagram gibi bir internet sitesinde sayfanın sol üst köşesinde bulunan Facebook'un F logosuna 00:05:15.059 --> 00:05:16.900 tıkladığınızda ana sayfaya geri dönüşü yaparsınız. 00:05:17.180 --> 00:05:19.080 Bu mesela bir hiper bağlantıdır. 00:05:20.841 --> 00:05:27.363 Bu tarz bağlantılar genellikle mavi altı çizili şekilde karşımıza çıkarlar fakat günümüzde internet sayfalarında bu grafik, 00:05:27.384 --> 00:05:30.445 küçük animasyon veya bir resim bile olabilir. 00:05:33.544 --> 00:05:36.045 Bu köprüler sayesinde ne demiştik? 00:05:36.426 --> 00:05:42.589 İnternet sayfalar arasında geçişler yapabiliriz ve bu bize pratik geçiş imkanları sağlar.